George Catlin. "Mah to toh pa (The Four Bears)," copied by the artist from his,
Souvenir of the North American Indians As They Were in the Middle of the 19th Century, 1852.
The Newberry Library, Chicago.

Four Bears was a popular Mandan leader who died in the devastating smallpox epidemic that swept through
the Mandan settlements in 1837. Four Bears had been a child when the Lewis and Clark expedition
wintered with his tribe 33 years earlier.